of US alcohol and drug research in separate National Institutes of Health (NIH) institutes is obsolete. The National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) and the National Institute on Drug Addiction (NIDA) have different historical origins, different roles in
policy development and research agendas. Currently, however, the situation is characterized by overlapping scientific methods, research questions and projects. Competing training programs drain insufficient resources. Cost–benefit and cost-effectiveness considerations would favor joint organization. One should build an integrated organization logically and possibly save costs needed for research activities. There is a potential for ‘stunning synergy’.
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