Alcohol use is the third greatest contributor to the global burden of disease, estimated to cause 3.8% of all deaths. Among people aged 15 to 44 years, alcohol is estimated to result in 4.6% of all disability adjusted life years lost and a disproportionate number of fatal injuries.
Heavy drinking is classified as the consumption of more than 210 g of alcohol per week for men and more than 140 g per week for women, owing to differences in clearance and body size. As a metabolic poison, heavy alcohol use is associated with cardiovascular disease, oral cancers and liver cirrhosis. As an intoxicant, it causes dependency, injuries and trauma as well as substantial social harms.
Binge drinking is a particularly dangerous form of alcohol consumption. Men who consume five drinks (50 g) or more or women who consume four drinks (40 g) or more in one sitting are binge drinkers. Binge drinking is reported to be twice as likely as daily heavy drinking to cause acute myocardial infarction or death. It is also associated with unwanted or unsafe sex, violence and injuries of all types.
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