Direct and Indirect Costs Attributable to Alcohol Consumption in Germany.
Pharmacoeconomics. 25(7):605-618, 2007.

To estimate the direct and indirect costs of morbidity and mortality attributable to alcohol consumption in Germany from a societal perspective in 2002.

Alcohol consumption accounted for 5.5% of all deaths and 970 000 years of potential life lost. Total costs were [Euro sign]24 398 million, amounting to 1.16% of Germany's GDP, or [Euro sign]296 per person. Direct medical and non-medical costs were [Euro sign]8441 million. Indirect costs were [Euro sign]15 957 million (69% mortality and 31% morbidity costs).

In contrast, protective health effects of alcohol consumption saved [Euro sign]4839 million.

The magnitude of alcohol-attributable morbidity and mortality and associated costs demands more preventive efforts.

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